BTA2023 The legacy of colonialism and the plundering of Africa by Western powers cannot be undone with symbolic gestures alone. True reconciliation demands real action—financial investment, support for unity, and sustainable development, says Togo’s Foreign Minister, Robert Dussey.
Speaking at an event organized by the German Africa Foundation in Berlin, Dussey reflected on the impact of the Berlin Conference (1884-1885)—a gathering of European powers that led to the partitioning of Africa without African representation. While acknowledging the scars left by imperialism, he emphasized that Africa’s focus is not on resentment but on building a future based on truth, justice, and economic revival.
“We are not here to dwell on the horrors of colonization, but crimes against humanity should not be ignored. Africa’s priority is to highlight a history long neglected—a history that places its people at the center, acknowledging their suffering and resilience,” Dussey stated.
Africa’s Rich Resources and Unfulfilled Potential
Dussey underscored the vast economic potential of Africa, a continent larger than Europe, China, and the U.S. combined, with abundant natural resources:
- 60% of the world’s arable land
- 90% of raw material reserves
- 40% of global gold reserves
- 33% of diamond reserves
- 80% of coltan reserves (critical for electronics)
- 60% of cobalt reserves (vital for electric vehicle batteries)
He noted that the Democratic Republic of Congo’s agricultural capacity alone could feed the entire continent, while Africa’s youthful population—expected to reach 2.5 billion by 2050—positions it as the future of global economic growth.
The Lasting Impact of the Berlin Conference
Reflecting on history, Dussey highlighted the exclusion of Africa from the Berlin Conference, where its future was decided by foreign powers. African leaders were absent, yet the continent was carved up among colonial rulers. This division led to systematic exploitation, brutal oppression, and widespread human rights violations.
“Berlin was both the site of Africa’s division and the beginning of its suffering under European imperialism,” he said.
The aftermath saw the violent imposition of colonial rule, including:
- Mass killings and deportations of African resistance fighters
- The exploitation of resources without fair compensation
- The destruction of indigenous governance systems
Dussey argued that the consequences of this colonial legacy still shape Africa’s global standing today, as the continent continues to be sidelined in major international decisions.
Africa’s Call for Justice and True Partnership
Africa is no longer willing to be a passive player in global affairs, Dussey affirmed. While Europe removed its colonial rulers, many nations retain a colonial mindset, still treating Africa as a sphere of influence rather than an equal partner.
“Some former colonial powers act as though Africa belongs to them. This is unacceptable for our generation,” he stressed.
He called for:
- Economic reparations to address past injustices
- Investment in Africa’s development and industrialization
- Fair partnerships that respect African autonomy
- A permanent African seat on the UN Security Council
Dussey concluded that Africa’s transformation is inevitable. From the struggles against colonial rule to independence and the end of apartheid, the continent is reclaiming its place in global history. The demand is clear: Africa’s future must be shaped by Africans, not dictated by external powers.
